What are the three elements of evidence?

• A. Testimonial, Documentary, Physical
• B. Eyewitness, Forensic, Circumstantial
• C. Verbal, Tangible, Digital
• D. Personal, Professional, Private

Answer: (A)

The main concept here is how evidence is categorized. Evidence falls into three broad classes: testimonial, documentary, and physical (real) evidence. Testimonial evidence comes from what a witness says under oath, such as sworn testimony or an affidavit. Documentary evidence consists of records and documents, like reports, contracts, emails, or receipts. Physical evidence refers to tangible items involved in the case, such as a weapon, clothing, fingerprints, or photographs.

This choice lists exactly the three traditional categories. The other options mix terms that don’t form the standard threefold classification: eyewitness is a type of witness within testimonial evidence, forensic describes analysis methods rather than a primary category, and circumstantial is a type of evidence rather than a primary category; verbal, tangible, and digital aren’t the conventional triplet either, and personal/professional/private aren’t relevant categories.